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Fermi Distribution: The Occupation Probability of Fermions
The Fermi distribution (also known as the Fermi-Dirac distribution) is particularly important in the description of electrons in solids, especially in metals.
The Fermi distribution indicates the occupation probability \( P(W) \) that a fermion in a system acquires the energy \( W \). The occupation probability depends on the temperature \( T \) of the system.
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In contrast to the Bose distribution, the Fermi distribution contains a positive term in the denominator, which ensures that the probability of occupying a state does not approach zero when the temperature approaches zero. This means that fermions cannot occupy the same quantum mechanical state according to the Pauli principle.