Formula: Capacitance (Definition)
$$C ~=~ \frac{Q}{U}$$
$$C ~=~ \frac{Q}{U}$$
$$U ~=~ \frac{Q}{C}$$
$$Q ~=~ C \, U$$
Capacitance
$$ C $$ Unit $$ \mathrm{F} $$
The capacitance indicates how much electrical charge is separated on two bodies and what voltage is present between these bodies. For example, in a plate capacitor, the capacitance indicates how many charges must be separated on the electrodes so that a voltage of one volt is present between the two electrodes. The capacitance is therefore a measure of how well a capacitor can 'store' electric charge.
The capacitance \(C = 1 \, \mu\mathrm{F}\) means that the capacitor can 'store' \(Q = 1\,\mu\mathrm{C}\) of charge when a voltage of one volt is applied.
Voltage
$$ U $$ Unit $$ \mathrm{V} $$
Voltage between two bodies, for example between two electrodes of a plate capacitor.
Electric charge
$$ q $$ Unit $$ \mathrm{C} $$
Amount of charge sitting on a body, for example on the electrode of a plate capacitor.